Morphological description (show/hide)
| subglobular | | brown | | brown | | without sieve, large sphincter. | | slightly hispid. | | Radial bundles of oxeas. Spirasters and plesiasters can be found throughout the choanosome. | | Triaenes are found only at the surface, either crossing the ectosome or supporting it. Spirasters are abundant in the ectosome. Rare protriaenes below the ectosome. Anatriaenes were observed in the choanosome associated in bundles with triaenes; they were also observed coming out of the top surface. | | (a) oxeas, slightly bent, length: 4000-5196.4-5925 µm (N=7); width: 30-41.4-55 µm (N=7). (b) dichotriaenes, rhabdome is straight to bent, or even flexuous, length: 1925-2972-3875 µm (N=9); width: 23-49.6-80 µm; protoclad length: 190-284.5-370 µm; deuteroclad length: 350-564-900 µm. (c) anatriaenes, common, straight, bent or flexuous rhabdome, length: 1550-3976.1-4675 µm (N=23); rhabdome width: 5-11.8-22 µm; two shapes, the smaller ones, probably younger forms (with clad length: 60-85 µm and rhabdome width: 5-9 µm) have a regular umbrella-shape, the larger more common ones have bent clads, clad length: 60-157.1-242 µm. (d) protriaenes, rare, straight, rhabdome length >1000 µm; rhabdome width: 50 µm (N=1); clad length: >600 µm (N=1). | | (e) spirasters (and few metasters), spined, length: 13-23.2-32.5 µm. (f) plesiasters, 3-7 actines, faintly spined (hardly visible with an optical microscope), actine length: 16.6-37.0-70.3 µm; actine width: 1.7-3.5-10 µm. |
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Reference (show/hide)
| Cárdenas, P., Xavier, J.R., Reveillaud, J., Schander, C. & Rapp, H.T. (2011) Molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae) reveals an unexpected high level of spicule homoplasy. PLoS ONE, 6, e18318. |
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